The Act calls for relocation of more than 12,000 Dine’ who live on or near the coal deposits and who are deemed to be in the way of strip-mining interests in the Hopi-Dine’ joint land use area. It becomes the largest Indian removal since the 1830s. Peabody Coal opens a second mine in the area as a result of the Act. The former head of the Department of the Interior, Loesch, leaves the department to become vice president of Peabody Coal (Nies, 1996).